When someone or something is being affected by the action, we use the accusative case which is why the spelling of the article changes. The accusative case shows us who or what is affected by the action in a sentence. We call that someone or something the direct object.
In the accusative case, only the spelling of the masculine articles change. The feminine articles (die, eine), the neutral articles (das, ein) and the plural article (die) stay the same!
Article | Nominative | Acusative |
masculine (indef) | ein | eine |
masculine (def) | der | den |
Verbs with accusative
90% of verbs requires accuastive:
- fragen
- anrufen
- abholen
- treffen
- sehen
- finden
- besuchen
- zurückrufen
- Ich nehme
Prepositions with accusative
In German, several prepositions always require the accusative case. Here’s a list of those prepositions:
- bis
- durch (through)
- für (for)
- gegen (against)
- ohne (without)
- um (around, about)
Some German prepositions can be used with both dative and accusative, depending on whether they express location (wo? - Dative) or direction/movement (wohin? - Accusative). These are known as two-way prepositions (Wechselpräpositionen).
- an (on, at, to)
- auf (on, onto)
- hinter (behind)
- in (in, into)
- neben (next to)
- über (above, over)
- unter (under, beneath)
- vor (in front of, before)
- zwischen (between)
Fixed combinations
Some verbs can require a preposition to introduce their object. There’s no rule to say which verb goes with which preposition. Every time you learn a new verb you have to learn not just the preposition, but also the case it takes:
- ärgern [sich] über (to get angry)
- bewerben [sich] um (to apply)
- bitten um (to ask)
- danken für (to thank)
- denken an (to think of)
- denken über (to think about).
- folgen auf (to follow)
- freuen [sich] auf (to look forward)
- freuen [sich] über (to be happy)
- hoffen auf (hope for)
- interessieren [sich] für (to be interested in)
- kümmern [sich] um (to take care of)
- lachen über (to laugh)
- liefern an (to deliver)
- reden über (to talk)
- schreiben an (to write)
- sorgen [sich] um (to worry)
- stimmen für (to vote for)
- teilnehmen an (to participate)
- übersetzen in (to translate)
- verkaufen an (to sell to)
- verlieben [sich] in (to fall in love)
- warten auf (to wait)
- wissen über (to know (a fact))
Created: 8 Sept 2022